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Separating Mixtures through Distillation

Separating Mixtures using different methods.

  1. Different methods can be used to separate various mixtures.

  2. Each method is suitable for separating a particular mixture.


Separating mixtures through distillation.    

Requirements.

  1. A spatula.

  2. Water.

  3. A measuring jar.

  4. A thermometer.

  5. Common salt.

  6. Distillation flask

  7. Condenser.


Procedure.

  1. Add about 25cm3 of water to common salt in a distillation flask.

  2. Shake the mixture carefully to dissolve the salt.

  3. Set up the apparatus as shown above.

  4. Heat the mixture until only a little solution remains in the distillation flask.


Questions from the experiment

  1. Through which process does the steam change to liquid in the collecting jar?

  2. What is the term used to refer to the water that is collected in the receiving flask?

  3. Why is cold water used in the condenser?

  4. What is the substance that is left in the boiling tube after the water has evaporated?


Observation and explanation.

  • Simple distillation is successful when the substances in the mixture have different boiling points such as water and salt.

  • The process of distillation is used to get salt and water from the salt-water mixture.

  • It involves heating a liquid to form vapour which is then cooled back to the liquid.

  • The liquid is obtained by condensing the vapour.

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